Happy in Intensive Care and Happy in Intensive Care Christian Edition

We are all born with a level of happiness based on our genetics.  Without taking specific steps we are trapped at this level. It is  possible to find out that level by taking the Oxford Happiness  Questioner. This will measure your happiness and describe how happiness  effects your life.  The Life Questions page will show where specific  help is available in the books. By clicking on one of the Amazon links  on the home page you can see 30 pages of the book without purchase.  Reading the book and putting some of the 31 specific action items into  practice will increase your happiness level. This will enable a better  life and reduce the possibility of later life depression. Start now.

Happiness is what the Christian community calls joy. For a Christian, pleasure is  due to circumstances and fleeting. Joy is what is in you. For the psychological community pleasure is due to circumstances and is fleeting happiness is what you have in you.

 Note on Happy in Intensive Care

I Thought I Was Invincible
In  the spring of 2016, my son-in -law and I backpacked Laos. We walked in  across the North East border with Thailand into Laos and ended up at the  Southern border at Vientiane. I had been regularly working out and I felt invincible. 

 In January 2017 I went on my normal seven-mile bike ride that would take me around the neighborhood to the gym to work on my upper body.  Part way around I felt weak and came home My wife Harriet said I should go the emergency clinic. I resisted at first and laid down. I then agreed.  The emergency clinic doctor did some quick tests and said I needed to go  to the hospital NOW! I had two back to back open-heart surgeries. In  the intensive care unit, I had water on my lung. This was taken out. I  was then found to be anemic. The search for the anemia problem led to  the discovery of stomach cancer. The tumor was removed. I then had a  hernia at the tumor removal site. Back in the hospital to repair the  hernia I had diverticulitis. While I was being treated for the  diverticulitis, I got pneumonia. 

The nursing staff at both hospitals were very conscious of my  condition and often asked if I was in pain and need a pain pill. When  asked, I took inventory of my pain. I had some pain, but I was able to  ignore it and I never felt I needed a pill. I engaged with the staff  cheering them up, even the janitorial crew thanking them for keeping  things clean. I found it particularly useful later in the oncology  clinic. Sometimes, the oncology team has to reveal bad news and see some of their patients become progressively sicker. Cheering them up made me feel very happy.

Harriet was very helpful. She stayed with me as often as she could and brought me food. I no longer use caffeine or sugar. As part of my research I learned about the damage done by  sugars and suspected that it may have been part of why I was in the hospital. My wife brought me fresher better tasting food and beverages  without added sugars or caffeine.

I am now recovered. I was  tested for the third time and I have no evidence of cancer. My heart is  fully recovered without stents or artificial valves. I did not get depressed during any of this. I remained happy and used the time to make fellow patients and staff happy.

 I had been teaching happiness at the University of North Florida Osher Life Long Learning Institute. With that medical experience and the  material I had for the course, I wrote a secular book for the course:  Happy in Intensive Care. I realize that it was the fruit of the spirit  that kept me happy. I had the fruit of the spirit and the knowledge of the science of happiness, an unbeatable combination. With this background I wrote the Christian version: Happy in Intensive Care  Christian Edition. 

 I am not a Medical Doctor, I am not a Pastor and I am not a  Psychologist. I am a Scientist, Engineer and a Business Man. Most  importantly I am a Christian. I had help from several accomplished professionals. I was able to stand on the shoulders of thousands of scientists 

 Hand out for three session course on happiness

Life 401.com Happiness tab
Introduction
Effective scientifically proven antidepressants
Have friends that make you happier and see them often
Be thankful and express it to others
Help others
Have empathy
Have integrity
New social experiences
Live in the present
Be in awe
Savor life
Have less stuff
Do not covet
Have a belief system that eliminates being upset (Albert Ellis)
Do not worry about status
Do not chase pleasure
Smile
Meditation
Forgive
Get adequate sleep
Join a Church, Synagogue or Buddhist temple and attend small group meetings
Limit added sugar (Better yet, eliminate added sugar)
Exercise
Have a purpose in life
Reduce stress
Hug as often as socially acceptable
Reduce inflammation

It  is not practical to try everything at once. Try some of the items  listed.  Check on progress with the Oxford Happiness questioner.

Ineffective and counterproductive treatments
Alcohol, Nicotine and other depressants
Candy (Sugar)
Marijuana 

Oxycodone and other opioids
Caffeine and other stimulants
Food

My friend Dan was a great help.

I  have  been helped by my late friend Dr. Dan Heart PhD Psychology who  helped with the technical accuracy of the science, my daughter Janet  Malanga, BS Business, BA Chinese and Registered Dietitian, My friend  Gary who is knowledgeable on drugs for treating psychological diseases,  Pastor George L. Johnson AS, BA, MDiv, DMin  and many others including  my students which have been the best critics.

References for both books

 Ahima, R. S. (2008). Revisiting leptin’s role in obesity and weight  loss. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 118(7), 2380–2383.  https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI36284

Anderson, C. A., Shibuya, A.,  Ihori, N., Swing, E. L., Bushman, B. J., Sakamoto, A., … Saleem, M.  (2010). Violent video game effects on aggression, empathy, and prosocial  behavior in eastern and western countries: a meta-analytic review.  Psychological Bulletin, 136(2), 151–173.  https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018251

Barker, E. (2015). Barking up the wrong tree. Retrieved July 27, 2016, from http://www.bakadesuyo.com/blog/

Bennett,  M. P., & Lengacher, C. (2009). Humor and Laughter May Influence  Health IV. Humor and Immune Function. Evidence-Based Complementary and  Alternative Medicine : ECAM, 6(2), 159–164.  https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nem149

BILLY JOEL LYRICS - Piano Man. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/billyjoel/pianoman.html

Bouchard,  T. J., Lykken, D. T., McGue, M., Segal, N. L., & Tellegen, A.  (1990). Sources of human psychological differences: the Minnesota Study  of Twins Reared Apart. Science (New York, N.Y.), 250(4978), 223–228.  Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2218526

Brickman,  P., Coates, D., Janoff-Bulman, R., Ahner, D., Alexander, L., Jo  Barrett, M., … Walsh, K. (1978). Lottery Winners and Accident Victims:  Is Happiness Relative? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,  36(8), 917–927.

Bryant, F. B., & Veroff, J. (2007). Savoring. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Cacioppo,  J. T., Hawkley, L. C., Crawford, L. E., Ernst, J. M., Burleson, M. H.,  Kowalewski, R. B., … Berntson, G. G. (n.d.). Loneliness and Health :  Potential Mechanisms. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-200205000-00005

Cacioppo, S., Capitanio, J. P., & Cacioppo, J. T. (n.d.). Toward a Neurology of Loneliness. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037618

Calvin  Coolidge at BrainyQuote. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2016, from  http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/c/calvincool161947.html

Casaubon,  M. (2013). The meditations of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Originally  translated by Meric Casaubon Chief English translations of Marcus  Aurelius. Retrieved from  http://www.philaletheians.co.uk/study-notes/living-the-life/marcus-aurelius’-meditations-tr.-casaubon.pdf

Caspi,  A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T. E., Taylor, A., Craig, I. W., Harrington,  H., … Poulton, R. (2003). Influence of life stress on depression:  moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science (New York,  N.Y.), 301(5631), 386–389. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1083968

CDC.  (n.d.). Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). Retrieved August 19,  2017, from https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/acestudy/index.html

CDC  - Fact Sheets- Moderate Drinking - Alcohol. (n.d.). Retrieved December  23, 2016, from  https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/moderate-drinking.htm

Centerwall,  B. S., MB, R., Association, A. M., JW, Z., American Academy of  Pediatrics, C. on C., Baker  RK, Ball SJ,  eds, … Poll, L. A. T. (1992).  Television and Violence. JAMA, 267(22), 3059.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1992.03480220077031

Centerwall, B.  S., MB, R., Association, A. M., JW, Z., American Academy of Pediatrics,  C. on C., Baker  RK, B. S. eds, … Poll, L. A. T. (1992). Television and  Violence. JAMA, 267(22), 3059.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1992.03480220077031

Clay, K. (2013).  The Top 10 Jobs That Attract Psychopaths. Retrieved February 20, 2017,  from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/kellyclay/2013/01/05/the-top-10-jobs-that-attract-psychopaths/#6a6293cb73c3

Colbert,  D. (2006). Deadly Emotions: Understand the Mind-Body-Spirit Connection  That Can Heal or Destroy You (Hard Cover). Thomas Nelson.

Cornelis,  M. C., & El-Sohemy, A. (2007). Coffee , caffeine , and coronary  heart disease. Curr Opin Lipidol Current Opinion in Lipidology, 18(18),  13–19. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e3282f05d81

Crivelli, C.,  Carrera, P., Fernández-Dols, J.-M., Cohen, J., Cumming, G., Finch, S., …  Keselman, H. J. (2015). Are smiles a sign of happiness? Spontaneous  expressions of judo winners. Evolution and Human Behavior, 36(1), 52–58.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2014.08.009

Croezen, S.,  Avendano, M., Burdorf, A., & van Lenthe, F. J. (2015). Social  Participation and Depression in Old Age: A Fixed-Effects Analysis in 10  European Countries. American Journal of Epidemiology, 182(2), 168–176.  https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwv015

Davenport, L. (2016). Youth  Internet Addiction Linked to Serious Mental Health Issues. Retrieved  September 20, 2016, from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/868993#vp_1

de Waal, F. B. M. (2016). Apes know what others believe. Science, 354(6308), 39–40. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aai8851

Diagnostic  and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Source Information. (2000)  (Vol. IV). U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved from  https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/sourcereleasedocs/current/DSM4/

Diener,  E., Shu, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective  Well-Being: Three Decades of Progress. Psychological Bulletin , 125(No.  2), 276–301. Retrieved from  http://internal.psychology.illinois.edu/~ediener/Documents/Diener-Suh-Lucas-Smith_1999.pdf

Diogenes  of Oinoanda: The Inscription. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11, 2016, from  http://newepicurean.com/suggested-reading/diogenes-of-oinoanda/

Durayappah-Harrison,  A. (2010). What Science Has to Say About Genuine vs. Fake Smiles |  Psychology Today. Retrieved December 4, 2016, from  https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/thriving101/201001/what-science-has-say-about-genuine-vs-fake-smiles

Easterlin,  R. A. (1995). Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of  all? JOURNAL OF Economic Behavior Journal of Economic Behavior and  Organization, 27, 35–47.

Ellis, A. (1990). How to stubbornly refuse to make yourself miserable about anything--yes, anything! Carol Pub. Group.

English, G. and J. (1972). No TitleTao Lao Tsu TE Ching (Vintage Bo). Random House, Inc.

Epicurus> Quotes. (n.d.). Retrieved July 24, 2016, from www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/114041.Epicurus

ExChristian.Net  - Articles: Ben Franklin Quotes. (2002). Retrieved December 17, 2016,  from http://articles.exchristian.net/2002/03/ben-franklin-quotes.php

FDA  Guidence. (2016). AMA Adopts Community Guidance to Reduce the Harmful  Human and Environmental Effects of High Intensity Street Lighting.  Retrieved September 29, 2016, from  http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/news/news/2016/2016-06-14-community-guidance-street-lighting.page

Feletti,  V. (n.d.). The Adverse Childhood Experiences Study. Retrieved August  19, 2017, from  https://catalog.pesi.com/sq/bh_051500_acefreece_email-15908?utm_medium=email&utm_source=sp&utm_campaign=081317_bh_rt_Freebie_ACEstudy_sto9am

Felitti,  V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M.,  Edwards, V., … Marks, J. S. (1998). Relationship of Childhood Abuse and  Household Dysfunction to Many of the Leading Causes of Death in Adults.  American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14(4), 245–258.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00017-8

Finzi, E., &  Rosenthal, N. E. (2014). Treatment of depression with  onabotulinumtoxinA: A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled  trial. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 52, 1–6.  http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.11.006Finzi, E., &  Rosenthal, N. E. (2014). Treatment of depression with  onabotulinumtoxinA: A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled  trial. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 52, 1–6.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.11.006

Foods that fight  inflammation - Harvard Health. (n.d.). Retrieved April 5, 2017, from  http://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/foods-that-fight-inflammation

Foster-Schubert,  K. E., Alfano, C. M., Duggan, C. R., Xiao, L., Campbell, K. L., Kong,  A., … McTiernan, A. (2012). Effect of diet and exercise, alone or  combined, on weight and body composition in overweight-to-obese  postmenopausal women. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 20(8), 1628–1638.  https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2011.76

Gangwisch, J. E., Hale, L.,  Garcia, L., Malaspina, D., Opler, M. G., Payne, M. E., … Lane, D.  (2015). High glycemic index diet as a risk factor for depression:  analyses from the Women’s Health Initiative. The American Journal of  Clinical Nutrition, 102(2), 454–463.  https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.103846

Gerbarg, P. L., &  Brown, R. P. (2016). Neurobiology and Neurophysiology of Breath  Practices in Psychiatric Care:  Psychiatric Times. Retrieved December  27, 2016, from  http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/neuropsychiatry/neurobiology-and-neurophysiology-breath-practices-psychiatric-care/page/0/5?GUID=39E7CE12-ECB4-4809-95C0-048E8130EEC6&rememberme=1&ts=27122016

Giorgino,  F., Laviola, L., & Eriksson, J. W. (2005). Regional differences of  insulin action in adipose tissue: insights from in vivo and in vitro  studies. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 183(1), 13–30.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-201X.2004.01385.x

Goldstein, J. (n.d.). Mindfulness : a practical guide to awakening.

Goldstein, J., & Goldstein, J. (2007). A heart full of peace. Wisdom Publications.

Gopinath,  B., Flood, V. M., Kifley, A., Louie, J. C. Y., & Mitchell, P.  (2016). Association Between Carbohydrate Nutrition and Successful Aging  Over 10 Years. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological  Sciences and Medical Sciences, 71(10), 1335–1340.  https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glw091

Gorbach, S. L. (1999).  Antibiotics and Clostridium difficile. New England Journal of Medicine,  341(22), 1690–1691. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199911253412211

Hall-Flavin,  . Daniel K. (2014). Caffeine and depression: Is there a link? - Mayo  Clinic. Retrieved December 18, 2016, from  http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/expert-answers/caffeine-and-depression/faq-20057870

Hare  Psychopathy Checklist - Dictionary definition of Hare Psychopathy  Checklist | Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved  February 19, 2017, from  http://www.encyclopedia.com/psychology/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hare-psychopathy-checklist

Hare,  R. D. (n.d.). Hare Psychopathy Checklist - the versions and the  details. Retrieved February 20, 2017, from  http://www.decision-making-confidence.com/hare-psychopathy-checklist.html

Hare,  R. D., Black,  pamela J., & Walsh, Z. (2001). Forensic Uses of  Clinical Assessment Instruments - Google Books. Retrieved from  https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=knisCp2P-2sC&oi=fnd&pg=PA230&dq=(PCL-R%3B+Hare,+1991,+2003&ots=degAKmzt3A&sig=E-ciDnUS8bLPYQYJuRd-GEN9TDw#v=onepage&q=(PCL-R%3B  Hare%2C 1991%2C 2003&f=false

Harris, D. (2014). 10% Happier:  How I Tamed the Voice in My Head, Reduced Stress Without Losing My  Edge, and Found Self-Help That Actually Works--A True Story. William  Morrow.

Hassan,  hassan. (2016). Don’t Blame It on al-Ghazali.  Retrieved September 9, 2016, from  https://en.qantara.de/content/the-decline-of-islamic-scientific-thought-dont-blame-it-on-al-ghazali

Hermes,  G. L., Delgado, B., Tretiakova, M., Cavigelli, S. A., Krausz, T.,  Conzen, S. D., & McClintock, M. K. (2009). Social isolation  dysregulates endocrine and behavioral stress while increasing malignant  burden of spontaneous mammary tumors. Proceedings of the National  Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(52),  22393–22398. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0910753106

Holzman, D.  C. (2010). What’s in a color? The unique human health effect of blue  light. Environmental Health Perspectives, 118(1), A22-7.  https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.118-a22

Howard, J., Bruce, W., Parks,  C., & Milke, C. H. (2007). Outward Anger, Explosive Personality  Lead to Calcified Arteries | WSU News | Washington State University.  Retrieved October 12, 2016, from  https://news.wsu.edu/2007/03/16/outward-anger-explosive-personality-lead-to-calcified-arteries/

Interview of Trump’s Son. (2016). US: Fox News.

Joyce,  J. (1922). Ulysses (Wordsworth Classics) (9781840226355): James Joyce:  Books (2010th ed.). Paris: Wordsworth Editions. Retrieved from  https://www.amazon.com/Ulysses-Wordsworth-Classics-James-Joyce/dp/1840226358

Kiehl,  K. A., & Hoffman, M. B. (2011). THE CRIMINAL PSYCHOPATH: HISTORY,  NEUROSCIENCE, TREATMENT, AND ECONOMICS. Jurimetrics, 51, 355–397.  Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24944437

Killingsworth,  M. A., & Gilbert, D. T. (2010). A wandering mind is an unhappy  mind. Science (New York, N.Y.), 330(6006), 932.  https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1192439

Kirshenbaum, S. (n.d.).  The Science of Kissing: What Our Lips Are Telling Us - Sheril  Kirshenbaum - Google Books. Grand Central Publishing.

Kondo, M.  (2014). The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up: The Japanese Art of  Decluttering and Organizing. (Translated from Japanese by Cathy Hirano,  Ed.) (1st ed.). Ten Speed press.

Konrath, S. H., O ’brien, E. H.,  & Hsing, C. (2011). Changes in Dispositional Empathy in American  College Students Over Time: A Meta-Analysis. Personality and Social  Psychology Review, 15(2), 180–198.  https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868310377395

Konstan, D. (2014).  Konstan, David, "Epicurus", The Stanford Encyclopedia  of Philosophy (Summer 2014 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = .  ({Edward N. Zalta, Ed.). Retrieved from  http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2014/entries/epicurus

Kotos,  T. (n.d.). Brain Waves and the Deeper States of Consciousness.  Retrieved January 2, 2017, from  http://www.mind-your-reality.com/brain_waves.html

Kragel, P. A.,  & LaBar, K. S. (2016). Decoding the Nature of Emotion in the Brain.  Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(6), 444–455.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.03.011

Kunz, D., Mahlberg,  R., Ller, C. M., Tilmann, A., & Bes, F. (2004). Melatonin in  Patients with Reduced REM Sleep Duration: Two Randomized Controlled  Trials. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 89(1),  128–134. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2002-021057

Lamers, F.,  Vogelzangs, N., Merikangas, K. R., de Jonge, P., Beekman, A. T. F.,  & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2013). Evidence for a differential role of  HPA-axis function, inflammation and metabolic syndrome in melancholic  versus atypical depression. Molecular Psychiatry, 18(6), 692–699.  https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2012.144

Lanuel, I. (2012). The Noble  Truth of “Non-Striving” | Claudia Ghetu WELLness. Retrieved December 8,  2016, from  https://claudiaghetuwellness.com/2012/10/15/the-noble-truth-of-non-striving/

Lavretsky,  H., Reinlieb, M., St. Cyr, N., Siddarth, P., Ercoli, L. M., &  Senturk, D. (2015). Citalopram, Methylphenidate, or Their Combination in  Geriatric Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled  Trial. American Journal of Psychiatry, 172(6), 561–569.  https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14070889

Leland, J. (2000).  HOUSE PROUD; A Home Born In the Hanoi Hilton - The New York Times.  Retrieved June 17, 2017, from  http://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/garden/house-proud-a-home-born-in-the-hanoi-hilton.html

Lincoln,  A. (n.d.). Abraham Lincoln Quotes About Alcohol | A-Z Quotes. Retrieved  December 19, 2016, from  http://www.azquotes.com/author/8880-Abraham_Lincoln/tag/alcohol

Linde,  K., Streng, A., Jürgens, S., Hoppe, A., Brinkhaus, B., Witt, C., … D,  M. (2005). Acupuncture for Patients With Migraine. JAMA, 293(17), 2118.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.17.2118

Lopresti, A. L., &  Drummond, P. D. (2017). Efficacy of curcumin, and a saffron/curcumin  combination for the treatment of major depression: A randomised,  double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Affective Disorders,  207, 188–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.047

Luke, A.,  & Cooper, R. (2013). Physical activity does not influence obesity  risk: time to clarify the public health message. International Journal  of Epidemiology. Retrieved from  http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/6/1831.short

Lyubomirsky,  S. (2007). The How of Happiness: A New Approach to Getting the Life You  Want: Sonja Lyubomirsky: 8601406516991: Amazon.com: Books. New York:  Penguin Press.

Lyubomirsky, S., Dickerhoof, R., Boehm, J. K.,  & Sheldon, K. M. (n.d.). Becoming Happier Takes Both a Will and a  Proper Way: An Experimental Longitudinal Intervention To Boost  Well-Being. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022575

Lyubomirsky, S.,  & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A Measure of Subjective Happiness:  Preliminary Reliability and Construct Validation. Social Indicators  Research, 46(2), 137–155. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006824100041

Manriquez,  C., & Howell, R. (n.d.). How to financially invest in happiness.  Retrieved July 30, 2016, from  http://www.marketplace.org/2014/04/24/your-money/ask-money/how-financially-invest-happiness

Marshall,  T. (n.d.). Thomas Aquinas on Natural Law in 5 Points - Taylor Marshall.  Retrieved September 9, 2016, from  http://taylormarshall.com/2014/06/thomas-aquinas-natural-law-5-points.html

Matheson,  P. E. (1916). Epictetus: The Discourses and Manual. 2 vols. Oxford:  Clarendon Press. Oxford:  Clarendon Press. Retrieved from  http://www.letsreadgreek.com/epictetus/mattheson.htm

Melkonian,  S. C., Daniel, C. R., Ye, Y., Pierzynski, J. A., Roth, J. A., & Wu,  X. (2016). Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Lung Cancer Risk in  Non-Hispanic Whites. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention,  25(3), 532–539. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0765

Méndez-Bértolo,  C., Moratti, S., Toledano, R., Lopez-Sosa, F., Martínez-Alvarez, R.,  Mah, Y. H., … Strange, B. A. (2016). A fast pathway for fear in human  amygdala. Nature Neuroscience, 19(8), 1041–1049.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4324

Morgan, W. P., & Goldston, S.  E. (1987). Exercise and Mental Health - William P. Morgan, Stephen E.  Goldston - Google Books. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.  Retrieved from  https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Hhe1-tgUBNwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=exercise+and+mental+health&ots=BEn-a05Q12&sig=QECRm87gzQ4-EKbVRMU1HC_d0v0#v=onepage&q=exercise  and mental health&f=false

Multiple. (1952). the Holy Bible. Thomas Nelson & Sone.

Narang,  R. L., Gupta, K. R., Narang, A. P. S., & Singh, R. (1991). LEVELS  OF COPPER AND ZINC IN DEPRESSION. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 35(4),  272–274. Retrieved from http://www.ijpp.com/IJPP  archives/1991_35_4/272-274.pdf

Otto, M. W., Church, T. S., Craft,  L. L., Greer, T. L., Smits, J. A. J., Trivedi, M. H., & Trivedi, M.  H. (2007). Exercise for mood and anxiety disorders. Primary Care  Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 9(4), 287–294.  Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17934553

Ouyang,  X., Cirillo, P., Sautin, Y., McCall, S., Bruchette, J. L., Diehl, A.  M., … Abdelmalek, M. F. (2008). Fructose consumption as a risk factor  for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Hepatology, 48(6),  993–999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2008.02.011

Page, K. A.,  Chan, O., Arora, J., Belfort-DeAguiar, R., Dzuira, J., Roehmholdt, B., …  Sherwin, R. S. (2013). Effects of Fructose vs Glucose on Regional  Cerebral Blood Flow in Brain Regions Involved With Appetite and Reward  Pathways. JAMA, 309(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.116975

Parry,  B. L., & Maurer, E. L. (2003). Light treatment of mood disorders.  Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 5(4), 353–365. Retrieved from  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22033495

Persad, L. A. B.  (2011). Energy drinks and the neurophysiological impact of caffeine.  Frontiers in Neuroscience, 5, 116.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2011.00116

Pollet, T. V., Roberts,  S. G. B., & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2011). Use of Social Network Sites and  Instant Messaging Does Not Lead to Increased Offline Social Network  Size, or to Emotionally Closer Relationships with Offline Network  Members. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.1089/Cyber.2010.0161.

Primack, B.  A., Shensa, A., Sidani, J. E., Whaite, E. O., Lin, L. yi, Rosen, D., …  Miller, E. (2017). Social Media Use and Perceived Social Isolation Among  Young Adults in the U.S. American Journal of Preventive Medicine.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2017.01.010

Rakal, D. (n.d.).  Learning Deep Breathing | Psych Central. Retrieved December 28, 2016,  from http://psychcentral.com/lib/learning-deep-breathing/

Rao, T.  S. S., Asha, M. R., Ramesh, B. N., & Rao, K. S. J. (2008).  Understanding nutrition, depression and mental illnesses. Indian Journal  of Psychiatry, 50(2), 77–82. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.42391

Reed,  Phil and Vile, R. (2015). Swansea University co-research finds Internet  addicts at greater risk of illness. Retrieved from  http://www.swansea.ac.uk/media-centre/latest-research/swanseauniversityco-researchfindsinternetaddictsatgreaterriskofillness.php

Rimm,  E. B., Klatsky, A., Grobbee, D., & Stampfer, M. J. (n.d.). PAPERS  Review ofmoderate alcohol consumption and reduced risk of coronary heart  disease: is the effect due to beer, wine, or spirits? Retrieved from  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2350477/pdf/bmj00534-0017.pdf

Rosenblat,  J. D., Cha, D. S., Mansur, R. B., & McIntyre, R. S. (2014).  Inflamed moods: A review of the interactions between inflammation and  mood disorders. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological  Psychiatry, 53, 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.01.013

Rothenberg,  M. B., W, W., A, B., Bryan  J, S. T., RE, G., Leifer  AD, G. N. G. S., …  Williams  S, C. V. (1975). Effect of Television Violence on Children  and Youth. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association,  234(10), 1043. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1975.03260230043021

Rush,  A. J., Trivedi, M. H., Ibrahim, H. M., Carmody, T. J., Arnow, B.,  Klein, D. N., … Keller, M. B. (2003). The 16-Item Quick Inventory of  Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), clinician rating (QIDS-C), and  self-report (QIDS-SR): a psychometric evaluation in patients with  chronic major depression. Biological Psychiatry, 54(5), 573–583.  Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12946886

salzberg,  sharon. (2014). sharon salzberg. Retrieved July 27, 2016, from http://www.sharonsalzberg.com/sit/

Schnider, B. R. (2015). The Stoic Legacy to the Renaissance. Retrieved July 25, 2016, from http://www.stoics.com/index.html

Schwarz,  E., Maukonen, J., Hyytiäinen, T., Kieseppä, T., Orešič, M., Sabunciyan,  S., … Suvisaari, J. (2017). Analysis of microbiota in first episode  psychosis identifies preliminary associations with symptom severity and  treatment response. Schizophrenia Research.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2017.04.017

Seligman, Martin E.  P.; Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction.  American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14.  https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.5

Seneca the Younger. (2016). Seneca Quotes. Retrieved July 24, 2016, from https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/4918776.Seneca

Shirin,  A. (2016). Title: Russia: The other Christian nation. Christianity  Todayristianity Today, (July). Retrieved from  http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2016/july-web-only/russia-other-christian-nation.htm

Siegel,  R. D. (2010). The Mindfulness Solution: Everyday Practices for Everyday  Problems: Ronald D. Siegel: 9781606232941: Amazon.com: Books. Guilford  Press. Retrieved from  https://www.amazon.com/Mindfulness-Solution-Everyday-Practices-Problems/dp/1606232940

Silani,  G., Lamm, C., Ruff, C. C., & Singer, T. (2013). Right Supramarginal  Gyrus Is Crucial to Overcome Emotional Egocentricity Bias in Social  Judgments. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(39), 15466–15476.  https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1488-13.2013

St. Thomas Aquinas  - Theologian, Philosopher, Priest, Saint - Biography.com. (n.d.).  Retrieved from  http://www.biography.com/people/st-thomas-aquinas-9187231#theology-and-philosophy

Stanhope,  K. L., Schwarz, J. M., Keim, N. L., Griffen, S. C., Bremer, A. A.,  Graham, J. L., … Havel, P. J. (2009). Consuming fructose-sweetened, not  glucose-sweetened, beverages increases visceral adiposity and lipids and  decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese humans. Journal of  Clinical Investigation, 119(5), 1322–1334.  https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI37385

ted talks - Google Search.  (n.d.). Retrieved from  https://www.google.com/search?q=ted+talks&oq=TED+&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l5.4593j0j8&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ushistory.org/franklin/autobiography/page38.htm

The Holy Bible. (1952) (Revised St). Thomas Nelson & Sons.

The  World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency. (2000). Retrieved August  31, 2017, from  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html

Tidjani  Alou, M., Lagier, J.-C., & Raoult, D. (2016). Diet influence on the  gut microbiota and dysbiosis related to nutritional disorders. Human  Microbiome Journal, 1, 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humic.2016.09.001

Trivedi,  M. H., Greer, T. L., Church, T. S., Carmody, T. J., Grannemann, B. D.,  Galper, D. I., … Blair, S. N. (2011). Exercise as an augmentation  treatment for nonremitted major depressive disorder: a randomized,  parallel dose comparison. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 72(5),  677–684. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.10m06743

Tusche, A.,  Smallwood, J., Bernhardt, B. C., & Singer, T. (2014). Classifying  the wandering mind: revealing the affective content of thoughts during  task-free rest periods. NeuroImage, 97, 107–116.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.076

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2016). American Time Use Survey Summary. Retrieved from www.bls.gov/news.release/atus.nr0.htm

Valdesolo.  Piercarlo, & Piff, P. K. (n.d.). 26th APS Annual Convention Program  Book. Retrieved October 9, 2016, from  http://aps.psychologicalscience.org/convention/program_2014/search/viewProgram.cfm?Abstract_ID=29665&AbType=1&AbAuthor=&Subject_ID=&Day_ID=71&keyword=

Valverde,  A. M., Benito, M., & Lorenzo, M. (2005). The brown adipose cell: a  model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance.  Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 183(1), 59–73.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-201X.2004.01384.x

Verrijken, A.,  Francque, S., & Gaal, L. Van. (2010). The Role of Visceral Adipose  Tissue in the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.  European Endocrinology, 7(2), 96.  https://doi.org/10.17925/EE.2011.07.02.96

Vos, M. B., &  Lavine, J. E. (2013). Dietary fructose in nonalcoholic fatty liver  disease. Hepatology, 57(6), 2525–2531. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.26299

Ware, B. (2012). The top five regrets of the dying : a life transformed by the dearly departing. Hay House.

Yogi Berra Quotes... (n.d.). Retrieved August 11, 2016, from http://www.famous-quotes-and-quotations.com/yogi-berra-quotes.html

zapatopi.net. (n.d.). Lord Kelvin (Sir William Thomson); "Quotations" Retrieved from http://zapatopi.net/